glutamine

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  • Name: glutamine
  • Description: An unspecified stereoisomerism form of glutamine (symbol Gln or Q) which is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Its side chain is similar to that of glutamic acid, except ... the carboxylic acid group is replaced by an amine. It is classified as a charge-neutral, polar amino acid. It is non-essential and conditionally essential in humans, meaning the body can usually synthesize sufficient amounts of it, but in some instances of stress, the body's demand for glutamine increases, and glutamine must be obtained from the diet. It is encoded by the codons CAA and CAG. In human blood, glutamine is the most abundant free amino acid. The dietary sources of glutamine includes especially the protein-rich foods like beef, chicken, fish, dairy products, eggs, vegetables like beans, beets, cabbage, spinach, carrots, parsley, vegetable juices and also in wheat, papaya, Brussels sprouts, celery, kale and fermented foods like miso. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamine)
Overview of age-variations
Age group comparisons
PMID Age/Age interval, Gender Value (unit of measurement) Method Sample
24457528 Age 100.7 ± 2.1, Gender ⚥ 7.01 (mean of regulated metabolite) H-NMR serum
24457528 Age 70 ± 6, Gender ⚥ 5.93 (mean of regulated metabolite) H-NMR serum
24457528 Age 100.7 ± 2.1, Gender ♀ 7.01 (mean of regulated metabolite) H-NMR serum
24457528 Age 70 ± 6, Gender ♀ 5.93 (mean of regulated metabolite) H-NMR serum
24457528 Age 100.7 ± 2.1, Gender ♂ 6.98 (mean of regulated metabolite) H-NMR serum
24457528 Age 70 ± 6, Gender ♂ 6.13 (mean of regulated metabolite) H-NMR serum
15708441 Age 26 ± 1, Gender ⚥ 0.75 (nM) H-MRS corona radiata
15708441 Age 54 ± 6, Gender ⚥ 1.09 (nM) H-MRS corona radiata
12768504 Age 32.6 ± 4.4 , Gender ♀ 579.0 (μmol/l) LC blood
12768504 Age 48 ± 4.3, Gender ♀ 556.0 (μmol/l) LC blood
12768504 Age 74.7 ± 10, Gender ♀ 525.0 (μmol/l) LC blood
12768504 Age 33.3 ± 3.8, Gender ♂ 611.0 (μmol/l) LC blood
12768504 Age 48.4 ± 6, Gender ♂ 561.0 (μmol/l) LC blood
12768504 Age 75.9 ± 9.3, Gender ♂ 515.0 (μmol/l) LC blood
30113646 Age 44.6 ± 14, Gender ♀ (Dutch) 542.0 (μmol/L) LC-MS/MS plasma
30113646 Age 44.6 ± 13, Gender ♀ (South-Asian Surinamese) 553.5 (μmol/L) LC-MS/MS plasma
30113646 Age 43.1 ± 12.7, Gender ♂ (South-Asian Surinamese) 583.2 (μmol/L) LC-MS/MS plasma
30113646 Age 44.6 ± 14, Gender ♀ (Dutch) 104.5 (% (percentage of metabolite concentration compared with baseline (100%) per 10 year increment in age; analyses were adjusted for BMI)) LC-MS/MS plasma
30113646 Age 44.6 ± 13, Gender ♀ (South-Asian Surinamese) 104.6 (% (percentage of metabolite concentration compared with baseline (100%) per 10 year increment in age; analyses were adjusted for BMI)) LC-MS/MS plasma
30113646 Age 43.1 ± 12.7, Gender ♂ (South-Asian Surinamese) 104.0 (% (percentage of metabolite concentration compared with baseline (100%) per 10 year increment in age; analyses were adjusted for BMI)) LC-MS/MS plasma
Linear regression
PMID Age/Age interval, Gender Value (unit of measurement) Method Sample
22834969 Age 53.6 ± 12.5, Gender ♂ -0.03 (β) FIA-MS/MS serum
log2 ratio/log2(FC)
PMID Age/Age interval, Gender Value (unit of measurement) Method Sample
29090929 Age 42 ± 12, Gender ♀ -0.221 (log2 ratio) NMR blood
Summary
  • Synonym:
    Gln
  • Chemical Formula:
    C5H10N2O3
  • Exact Mass g/mol:
    146.0691000
  • Systematic name:
    2-aminoglutaramic acid
  • SMILES:
    C(CCC(=O)N)(C(=O)O)N
  • InChI:
    InChI=1S/C5H10N2O3/c6-3(5(9)10)1-2-4(7)8/h3H,1-2,6H2,(H2,7,8)(H,9,10)
  • InChI Key:
    ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • CAS number:
    6899-04-03
Related resources
Metabolite sources and localization
  • Metabolite location:
    Human organism, Body part, Human body biofluids, Biofluid tissues, Blood, Organ, Brain, Cerebral cortex, Motor cortex, Lateral ventricles, Corona radiata, Tissue
  • Metabolite source:
    Homo sapiens, exogenuos metabolite
Age-variations
Age group comparisons
Method: H-NMR
Sample: serum
PubMed PMID: 24457528
Age group comparisons
Method: H-MRS
Sample: corona radiata
PubMed PMID: 15708441
Age group comparisons
Method: LC
Sample: blood
PubMed PMID: 12768504
Age group comparisons
Method: LC-MS/MS
Sample: plasma
PubMed PMID: 30113646
Age group comparisons
Method: LC-MS/MS
Sample: plasma
PubMed PMID: 30113646
Linear regression
Method: FIA-MS/MS
Sample: serum
PubMed PMID: 22834969
β = -0.03 (y = βx + α)
p-value < 0.05
Fold-change with age
Method: NMR
Sample: blood
PubMed PMID: 29090929
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